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Pottery encompasses all clay-based items that have been fired to create a durable surface. Throughout the course of human history, it has played an essential role in our daily lives. The earliest known pottery community, which emerged 9000 years ago, can be credited as the pioneers of this craft. Sri Lanka's pottery industry is particularly fortunate as its artisans have successfully preserved and passed down their traditional expertise from one generation to another.
The pottery industry in Sri Lanka runs back to ancient civilizations.
The transition from the hunter age to domestic farming in Sri Lanka led to the development of pottery. Archaeological evidence indicates that pottery production in Sri Lanka began during the Megalithic era and continued to grow over time. Even with the arrival of the Aryans, the locals were already familiar with pottery making. The ancient inhabitants possessed the knowledge and skills to create pottery using local resources. Those living near river valleys had easy access to the necessary raw materials. Excavations at archaeological sites have uncovered numerous pottery artifacts, confirming its use by the ancient Sri Lankan people.
The historical text 'The Mahavamsa' records King Pandukabhaya's establishment of various houses within the city's design. It also mentions the tile and brick industries during the Anuradhapura period, along with the clay in Thupavamsaye, referred to as Navaneetha. Instructions on obtaining suitable clay for making tiles and bricks are detailed. Additionally, literary sources indicate that King Devanampiyatissa allocated a specific area for potters to access clay when demarcating the city limits.
Sakaporuwa
Potters utilize a tool known as a Sakaporuwa to create various items. The Sakaporuwa spins rapidly, resulting in the formation of clay pots. There are two types of Sakaporuwa: arm Sakaporuwa and foot Sakaporuwa. In the backyard, one person operates the Sakaporuwa while the potter shapes the pot. It is possible to create goods independently by using the foot to activate the spinning. The finished product is then left to dry and fired in a kiln. The pottery is adorned using three techniques: carving, sealing, and applying liquid paintings. Notably, designs such as petals, birds, leaves, and floral patterns are drawn or carved onto the pottery. There are various types of pottery items available, including furniture, roofing materials, and art pottery.
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